The Science of Reading (SoR) and Structured Literacy (SL)

The Science of Reading is a vast, interdisciplinary body of scientifically based research about reading and issues related to reading and writing. research about reading and issues related to reading and writing. This research has been conducted over the last five decades across the world, and it is derived from thousands of studies conducted in multiple languages. The science of reading has culminated in a preponderance of evidence to inform how proficient reading and writing develop; why some have difficulty; and how we can most effectively assess and teach and, therefore, improve student outcomes through prevention of and intervention for reading difficulties.

The Reading League, 2022, p. 6

Structured literacy is a systematic and explicit approach to teaching reading.  The components of SL include phonological/phonemic awareness, phonics, morphology, syntax and semantics.

 https://www.readingrockets.org/article/structured-literacy-instruction-basics